Countering French Influence: Wellesley’s primary goal was to eliminate French influence in India. He saw the Subsidiary Alliance as a way to neutralize potential threats from European rivals, particularly the French.
Maintaining Stability: By providing protection, the British aimed to maintain stability and prevent internal conflicts among Indian states. This would ensure a more conducive environment for British trade and administration.
Loss of Sovereignty: The most significant consequence of the Subsidiary Alliance was the gradual erosion of Indian states’ sovereignty. By accepting British protection, rulers relinquished control over their foreign affairs and military.
Economic Burden: The cost of maintaining British troops often placed a heavy economic burden on Indian states. This could lead to financial instability and, in some cases, even annexation by the British.
Political Dependence: The presence of British troops and officials within Indian territories increased British influence over domestic affairs. This could undermine the authority of local rulers and create resentment among the population.
Hyderabad: The Nizam of Hyderabad was one of the first rulers to enter into a Subsidiary Alliance.
Awadh: The Nawab of Awadh was also forced to accept the British terms.
Mysore: Tipu Sultan, the ruler of Mysore, initially resisted the Subsidiary Alliance but was eventually defeated and forced to accept it.
The Subsidiary Alliance was a pivotal moment in British colonial history in India. While it initially served to consolidate British power and stability, it ultimately led to the decline of Indian states and their eventual annexation by the British Empire.
