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UPSC Prelims 2022 Paper-1 📅 05 Jun, 2022

Which one of the following statements about Sangam literature in ancient South India is correct?

A
(a) Sangam poems are devoid of any reference to material culture.
B
(b) The social classification of Varna was known to Sangam poets.
C
(c) Sangam poems have no reference to warrior ethic.
D
(d) Sangam literature refers to magical forces as irrational.
Result Summary
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UPSC Prelims
2022 • 05 Jun, 2022 • Paper-1
Which one of the following statements about Sangam literature in ancient South India is correct?
Correct Answer
(b) The social classification of Varna was known to Sangam poets.
Cultural Depiction: Option A is entirely wrong. Sangam literature acts as an encyclopedic mirror of early Tamil society, vividly detailing a rich, thriving mate......
Ref/Book : UPSC Prelims 2022
Ref. Subject History
Chapter -
Ref. Topic Ancient History
Pg. No -
💡 Analysis & Explanation
Cultural Depiction ▼
Option A is entirely wrong. Sangam literature acts as an encyclopedic mirror of early Tamil society, vividly detailing a rich, thriving material culture involving grand maritime trade, sophisticated textiles, and massive urban centers.
Social Stratification ▼
Option B is correct. Although the rigid, orthodox, and deeply entrenched caste system of the North had not fully materialized in the South at that time, Sangam poets (like Tolkappiyar) clearly possessed intellectual knowledge of the Varna classification, making frequent, distinct references to 'Andanars' (Brahmins) performing rituals.
Martial Ethics ▼
Option C is wrong. The 'Puram' category of Sangam poetry is almost entirely, exclusively dedicated to glorifying bloody battlefields, martial valor, and a deeply ingrained warrior ethic among ancient Tamil kings.
Conclusion ▼
The poetic familiarity with the foundational concept of Varna represents the only historically accurate statement.
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